Outline of Academic writing

Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill Disaster- can we stop drilling ?

Introduction

The most visible and familiar form of pollution is oil pollution caused by tanker accidents or semisubmersible drilling platforms. A fire and explosion occurred at circa 11:00 PM, April 20, 2010 on the Deepwater Horizon, a semisubmersible drilling platform, with more than 120 crew aboard and 11 men was died.

Body

I - What this oil leak will do? How does oil spill influence local environment? Is it possible to avoid accidents? Improving the safety?

II- I will introduce how much is endangered Atlantic bluefin population declined because of oil leak and a bit about large colonies of dead coral found! Is oil spill dangerous for humans?

Conclusion

Can we stop drilling at all? Here I will give my point of view.

References

• Jones K. and R. H. Brown „Giant Coral Die-Off Found—Gulf Spill "Smoking Gun?" (2010) in Journal National Geographic, ed. Dell`Amore C.

• NOAA's Emergency Response Division (N/D) „Deepwater Horizon“. IncidentNews. Available at http://www.incidentnews.gov/incident/8220 Last accessed in March 2011.

• Teo S. L. H and B. A. Block (2010) „Comparative Influence of Ocean Conditions on Yellowfin and Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Catch from Longlines in the Gulf of Mexico“. Available at http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0010756 Last accessed in March 2011.

Outline of academic writing

How do humans influence the ecology of estuaries?

The aim of this paper is to draw attention to how complex systems estuaries are. I will also do a small research on human impact on them and point out the main problems. I will use the book I chose for home reading and also scientific articles that can be found on the internet about the subject.

Introduction

In this part I will explain what estuaries are. I will also make a short introduction to the ecology of estuaries.

I – How do the humans influence estuaries?

Here I will speak about the human impact in general. How can humans use these systems for their advantage? I will also give some ideas how to use them differently. This paragraph will be brief. I will also explain how pollution affects the ecology in estuaries and what the main pollutants are. I will point out how to avoid or pollute the systems less (this will be my opinion but I will lean to some experts’ opinions also).

II – Non-indigenous species invasion

I am going to explain how the polluting and the invasion of species are connected. How do these species get there and how they affect the indigenous species? I will also make some examples about the numbers of these species to point out how big this problem really is. I will try to offer some solutions to the problem.

Conclusion

In this part I will try to conclude what I found and also to offer some solutions what could be done. I will also give my point of view to the whole problem.

This is my outline for the academic writing. I might change some parts along the process.

References

• Chandler G.T., Jones B.E., Kelsey H., Porter D.E., Vo M. and S.P. Walker, 2004. „ Assessing Photoinduced Toxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Urbanized Estuary” in Ecology and Society. Available at http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/ Last accessed on 7 March 2011.

• Dobson M. And C. Frid, 2009. Ecology of Aquatic Systems 2nd Edition. New York: Oxford University Press Inc.

• Dürr H.H., Laruelle G.G., Kempen C.M., Meybeck M. and C.P. Slomp, 2009. „Worldwide Typology of Nearshore Costal Systems: Defining the Estuarine Filter of River Inputs to the Oceans” in Estuaries and Coasts ed. H. Middlekoop. Available at http://www.springerlink.com/content/120846/ Last accessed on 9 March 2011.

• Heinänen A. 1992. „Bacterioplankton in a Subarctic Estuary: the Gulf of Bothnia (Baltic Sea)” in Endangered Species Research. Germany: Inter-Research Science Center.

Outline of academic writing

The world needs saving time and saving people

I will explain the concept of „saveing“ and how it can be interpreted in two ways. I will ask the main question „Why should we save things and how it can benefit the world?“

I answer to the following questions:

What can help make people think of saveing ( lack of money, low period in economy and so on )

What do people consume ? When? Where? What do different people do differently?

Will analyze how resources are wasted and how they could be used more efficently.

Will the progress in technology help save or will it have an oppsite effect ? (Examples)

Finally Will summarize and try to give a realistic estimation about the current condition.

List of References:

• Moore, M. 2004. „Dude, Where`s My Country?" Grand Central Publications
• Makower, J., Elkington, J., Hailes, J. 1990. "The Green Consumer. You Can Buy Products that Dont`t Cost the Earth". Penguin books
• Gore, A. 2006. "An Inconvenieth Truth. The Planetary Emergency of Global Warming and what We Can Do About It". Rodale Books
• Hailes, J. 2007. "The New Green Consumer Guide. You Can Make a Difference". Simon&Schuster Ltd.
  
• Cole, J. "Global warming Science" 2009, Founded in 1969, the Union on Concerned Scientists is the leading U.S. science-based nonprofit organization working for a healthy enivironment and a safer word. Avaible at www.ucsusa.org/global_warming/science_and_impacts/science/Last accessed in january,2011